{"id":622,"date":"2026-08-13T03:54:33","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T03:54:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/how-to-calculate-pressure-drop-in-nitrogen-compressor-piping\/"},"modified":"2026-08-13T07:18:12","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T07:18:12","slug":"how-to-calculate-pressure-drop-in-nitrogen-compressor-piping","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/how-to-calculate-pressure-drop-in-nitrogen-compressor-piping\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed nit\u01a1"},"content":{"rendered":"
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S\u1ef1 hao h\u1ee5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c, ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u1edf m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nit\u01a1, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

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S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed nit\u01a1 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u00fat s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t x\u1ea3 m\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e9n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u1ea3 hai hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ma s\u00e1t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Darcy-Weisbach, DeltaP = f(L\/D)(rho v^2\/2). Trong \u0111\u00f3, f l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t Darcy, L l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, D l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong, rho l\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 v l\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c trung b\u00ecnh. Van, khu\u1ef7u n\u1ed1i, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc, b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111i qua v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. Ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n h\u00fat v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 v\u00ec h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau: t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t h\u00fat l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, trong khi t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t x\u1ea3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n.<\/p>\n

\"Nitrogen
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c, trong khi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi ph\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n
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\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng<\/dt>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n
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v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c kh\u00ed<\/dt>\n
V\u1eadn t\u1ed1c nit\u01a1 trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1eeb l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n
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h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t<\/dt>\n
H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t Darcy kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 nguy\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 Reynolds v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n
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chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/dt>\n
M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t do l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i b\u1ed5 sung c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ma s\u00e1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n
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m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed<\/dt>\n
M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 nit\u01a1 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ecdc theo m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n
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t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf<\/dt>\n
T\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bc\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, van, c\u1eeda v\u00e0o, \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ma s\u00e1t th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng.<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n<\/dl>\n

1. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h2>\n

V\u1eadn t\u1ed1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u00ean trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Nm3\/h. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft sang \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 t\u00edch chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a; tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u00fat \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. V\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf qua c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra xem t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c tinh ch\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

2. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n ma s\u00e1t trong \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n.<\/h2>\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u00ednh di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ed1 Reynolds v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Nh\u1eadp L, D, rho v\u00e0 v v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c Darcy-Weisbach. C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t Darcy kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Fanning; vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c quy \u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra sai s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn. Bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb SI ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Anh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. B\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh n\u00ean hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 trung gian \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

3. Th\u00eam t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a van, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u00e9n ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n qua van \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, van m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t so v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng. H\u00e3y thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bnh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh \u1edf l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. H\u00e3y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c van \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ee7a ch\u00fang thay v\u00ec gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi van \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n m\u1edf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u00fat, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc b\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e9n.<\/p>\n

Khi ph\u1ea1m vi quy tr\u00ecnh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3... s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n nit\u01a1<\/a> Trang n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ti\u1ebfp theo. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00e9o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed nit\u01a1.<\/p>\n

\"Industrial
Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 van, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc, b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

4. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u00fat c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n.<\/h2>\n

Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u00fat c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u0103ng \u00e1p ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i bar v\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. H\u00e3y t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, tr\u1eeb \u0111i t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t b\u00edch c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y n\u00e9n. Gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u00fat ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn khi kh\u1ea3 thi, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c t\u00f9y \u00fd b\u1ecf qua b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u00e1y n\u00e9n th\u1ec3 t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u00e2m thanh ho\u1eb7c dao \u0111\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

5. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n.<\/h2>\n

N\u1ebfu quy tr\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 30 bar t\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u1edf xa v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t 2 bar \u1edf l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh, m\u00e1y n\u00e9n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u00f3 trong khi v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e9n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. T\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf. H\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 sung v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebfu \u00e1p su\u1ea5t; tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 do k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc b\u1ecb b\u1ea9n, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed van hay m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\"Gas
\u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u1ef1c quan t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng m\u00e1y n\u00e9n nit\u01a1.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

6. Ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u1edf d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n

L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u00eda th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed, ghi l\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf t\u1ea3i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed van, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc, hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean sau n\u00e0y v\u00ec nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111o\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cho \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nit\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/caption>\n
M\u1ee5c<\/th>\nC\u00e2u h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nT\u00edn hi\u1ec7u x\u00e1c minh ho\u1eb7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/th>\nTh\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a nit\u01a1 \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/td>\nV\u1eadn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u1ed0ng th\u1eb3ng<\/th>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t Darcy c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng?<\/td>\nK\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/th>\nC\u00e1c van, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc, b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f4ng?<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y ng\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng che gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t linh ki\u1ec7n l\u1edbn.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/th>\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng?<\/td>\nM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n
Ghi l\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o gi\u00e1, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 nghi\u1ec7m thu ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tfoot>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

B\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh x\u00e1c minh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/h2>\n

H\u00e3y coi vi\u1ec7c \u201cl\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n\u201d nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nh\u1ecf. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u, quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng, ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t. Thao t\u00e1c \u201cChuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong m\u1ed7i v\u00f9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t\u201d c\u1ea7n ghi l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u, s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1eefu \u00edch khi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eebng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho m\u00e1y n\u00e9n n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi cho ph\u00e9p, nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh thay th\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong quy tr\u00ecnh mua s\u1eafm, h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a trang web. m\u00e1y n\u00e9n N2 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a> Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y n\u00e9n chung chung. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00e9o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng m\u00e1y n\u00e9n nit\u01a1.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, h\u00e3y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ee5c \u201cS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i th\u1eb3ng\u201d v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c kh\u00ed. Ghi l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, sau \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u sau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m xem x\u00e9t \u201c\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra ngay c\u1ea3 khi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. S\u1ef1 sai l\u1ec7ch d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh quy tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi thay v\u00ec so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb1ng sau vi\u1ec7c \u201c\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Darcy-Weisbach\u201d b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u1eadt l\u00fd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed, nhi\u1ec7t, l\u1ef1c, t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cT\u00ednh to\u00e1n ma s\u00e1t Darcy-Weisbach v\u1edbi quy \u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u201d t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111o thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t. Ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c minh cho m\u1ee5c \u201cTh\u00eam van, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc, b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra l\u1ed7i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Ghi l\u1ea1i chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi duy nh\u1ea5t. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1ea3n ghi \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u201cbao g\u1ed3m van v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t\u201d v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00fa b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tham chi\u1ebfu. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e3y ghi l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i trong c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

\"Industrial
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng nhau khi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e9n kh\u00ed nit\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn. Trong c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u1ef1c quan t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed nit\u01a1.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u201ct\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d t\u1ea1i ranh gi\u1edbi n\u01a1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Quan s\u00e1t m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda nh\u1eadn, sau \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cT\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ea1i m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3\u201d trong khi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ghi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Khi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t. Kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p t\u1eeb ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ranh gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 sau n\u00e0y nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh \u201c\u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u1edf l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sau khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t\u201d b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ghi l\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u201cki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p\u201d, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u0111o th\u1ee9 hai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu hai t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp, h\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i van, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khi vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1eefu \u00edch ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 trang web \u0111\u00f3. M\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed nit\u01a1 d\u00f9ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch kh\u00ed<\/a> V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng khi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00e9o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng m\u00e1y n\u00e9n nit\u01a1.<\/p>\n

Ranh gi\u1edbi an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u00e1c van \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t theo quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o c\u00e1c n\u00fat b\u1ecbt ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cki\u1ec3m tra \u00e1p su\u1ea5t\u201d khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a, van v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong m\u1ed7i v\u00f9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
  2. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eb3ng.<\/li>\n
  3. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t Darcy-Weisbach v\u1edbi quy \u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
  4. T\u00ednh c\u1ea3 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t do van, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc, b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
  5. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ea1i m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e9n khi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
  6. \u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u1edf l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sau khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n
    \nT\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c kh\u00ed cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/summary>\n

    \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u0111o s\u01a1 b\u1ed9. Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

    \nT\u1ea1i sao hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u00fat l\u1ea1i g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ebb b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i?<\/summary>\n

    N\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

    \nT\u00f4i c\u00f3 n\u00ean t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u1ed5n hao \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/summary>\n

    Ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c sau khi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc b\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

    Quy t\u1eafc gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n

    T\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nit\u01a1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng. X\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t h\u00fat v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t x\u1ea3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00ec ch\u00fang \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y n\u00e9n theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao, h\u00e3y tinh ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch cho d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c kh\u00ed cho m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed nit\u01a1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, k\u00e8m theo ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/622","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=622"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/622\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=622"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=622"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/n2-compressor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=622"}],"curies":[{"name":"trang web","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}